Everything about Downstream Oil Industry totally explained
The petroleum industry is usually divided into three major components:
Upstream,
midstream and downstream. Midstream operations are usually included in the downstream category.
The
downstream oil sector is a term commonly used to refer to the
refining of
crude oil, and the selling and distribution of
natural gas and products derived from crude oil. Such products include
liquified petroleum gas (LPG),
gasoline or petrol,
jet fuel,
diesel oil, other
fuel oils,
asphalt and
petroleum coke.
The downstream sector includes
oil refineries,
petrochemical plants, petroleum product distribution, retail outlets and natural gas distribution companies. The downstream industry touches consumers through thousands of products such as gasoline, diesel, jet fuel,
heating oil, asphalt,
lubricants,
synthetic rubber,
plastics,
fertilizers,
antifreeze,
pesticides,
pharmaceuticals, natural gas and propane.
Byproduct sulfur
Crude oil is a mixture of hundreds of
hydrocarbons, including many which contain
sulfur and refining the crude oil includes converting most of that sulfur into gaseous
hydrogen sulfide. Raw natural gas also contains gaseous hydrogen sulfide and sulfur-containing
mercaptans, which are removed in
natural gas processing plants before the gas is distributed to consumers. The hydrogen sulfide removed in the refining and processing of crude oil and natural gas is subsequently converted into byproduct elemental sulfur. In fact, the vast majority of the 64,000,000 metric tons of sulfur produced worldwide in 2005 was byproduct sulfur from refineries and natural gas processing plants.
Further Information
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